Emergence of broadband Rayleigh waves from correlations of the ambient seismic noise
Jun 12,2025
This paper, titled "Emergence of broadband Rayleigh waves from correlations of the ambient seismic noise" by N. M. Shapiro and M. Campillo, demonstrates that coherent information about Earth's structure can be extracted from ambient seismic noise through cross-correlations. The authors computed cross-correlations of vertical component records of seismic noise from various station pairs separated by distances ranging from hundreds to over two thousand kilometers. They found that coherent broadband dispersive Rayleigh wavetrains emerge from these correlations, with group velocities similar to those predicted by global Rayleigh-wave tomographic maps derived from ballistic surface waves. This technique allows for new types of surface-wave measurements along numerous paths that are difficult to sample with traditional ballistic waves, thereby significantly enhancing the resolution of seismic imaging. The study shows that this method can be applied to both regional and global scales, providing valuable data for understanding Earth's crust and upper mantle structure.
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